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Researchers Identify New Genes Linked With Schizophrenia Risk in First-of-Its-Kind Study

Researchers have made an important discovery about the causes of schizophrenia, a disease related to dementia or fragmented mentality.   Researchers have identified two genes associated with the disease as well as a third gene that carries the risk of schizophrenia and autism. Scientists involved in this research believes, this discovery can go a long way in finding a cure for these kind of diseases. Researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine found that these harmful genes are almost the same in every ethnic or racial group. The findings of this research were published in Nature Genetics . According to an estimate, about one percent of people worldwide suffering from schizophrenia. The scientists identified two risky genes, SRRM2 and AKAP11, based on a comparative analysis of gene sequencing from individuals with schizophrenia and healthy individuals. It compared a dataset of 35,828 patients with schizophrenia to 107,877 healthy or control groups and included a v...
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A New Type of Human Lung Cell Discovered

Recently, new information has emerged about lung diseases. Scientists have identified a new type of cell in the depths of the human lung.

According to him the newly discovered cell plays an important role in lung diseases. This research was published in the science journal 'Nature'. The researchers did a thorough analysis of human lung tissue to identify these cells. He named these cells Respiratory Airway Secretory Cells (RASCS).

These airway branching cells are located deep in the lungs near the alveoli structure, where the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen takes place. Scientists found that RASCS has a kind of stem cell-like properties. This enables them to regenerate cells that are necessary for the normal functioning of the alveoli.

Researchers have also found evidence that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) caused by smoking interferes with the rebirth process of RASCS.

This suggests that blocking this barrier may be a better approach to COPD treatment.

"COPD is a serious and common disease, but we have not yet been able to focus on the cellular biology related to why and how it occurs in some patients," says Maria Basil, instructor of pulmonary medicine and lead author of the research.

So the discovery of new cells (which are damaged in COPD) could really speed up the search for new treatments.

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In COPD, there is gradual damage to the alveoli, which also starts their degradation and a condition like chronic inflammation arises. According to an estimate, 3 million people worldwide die because of this.

To avoid this, patients are given steroid anti-inflammatory drugs or oxygen therapy. But these treatments can only stop the progression of the disease. Due to this neither the disease can be eradicated nor the former condition can be achieved.

But one of the difficulties with COPD research is that the lungs of mice, which are considered laboratory animals, do not have this characteristic of the human lung.

In the new study, researchers found RASCS during the gene activity of samples from lung cells from healthy humans. Their identification also became easy because these types of cells are not found in mice.

These were found near the specialized secretory alveoli that make proteins necessary for the fluid lining of the airways.

Observing the similarities of gene activity of alveolar stem cells (AT2) and RASCS, the researchers discovered RASCS and also found that their secretory function works for AT2 cells and the AT2 population for their regeneration.

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